Chief Ezenwa Nwagwu, Chairman Partners for Electoral Reform in Nigeria, in this interview with BODE OLAGOKE, speaks on the preparations of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) towards 2023 general elections, plot by some politicians to scuttle INEC’s effort and why Nigerians should resist what he described as ‘evil agenda’
How would you access the preparations to the forthcoming national elections by the INEC?
Well, the challenge for 2023 is what I actually will talk about. I think that the current INEC leadership has, for me, put in place, a legacy that is that you can’t erase, in the sense that it has played itself completely out of any relevance in determining who wins elections. It has successfully restored power back to the people. Power to elect has returned to the polling units.
But that has triggered a lot of reactions from politicians who are completely absent in any conversation about reforms. What that means is that there seems to be a spotlight on electronic transmission of results. There seems to be a lot of interests around the BVAS and these are the game changers for 2023.
Politicians in collusion with even some elements within INEC and the security agents.
If the citizens are not careful. Our investment in consolidating this democracy can be reversed. And that for me is the big challenge for 2023. The threats of reversal of all the gains, incremental gains that we have made to restore power back to the citizens of the country, through the polling units.
Few days ago, the CUPP addressed a press conference, and it’s the reaction to that that is of interest to me. It doesn’t look as if a lot of people are taking that press conference seriously. The allegations that were made there deserve investigation. If you can have a congress or coalition of political parties coming to say that the 2023 election is threatened and that there are people who are working to even remove the INEC chairman, and and citizens are just like okay, he’s one of those press conferences. What is the issue? If power has been restored to the citizens of this country in a way that they can determine their leaders, I think that the media and civil society, must amplify, must continue to amplify those threats. And if possible, you know, put bigger searchlights in ensuring that the people that have been pinpointed do not play roles that can truly make that bad dream come true. First, you have seen the interventions in the way that the residents electoral commissioners were appointed. We did address the press, calling attention to the fact that a lot of people with tainted pasts – about five people with tainted past – have been cleared by the National Assembly. And the National Assembly is putting up very lame excuses that there were no affidavit, nobody swore to an affidavit. But you saw somebody who contested election in 2014 to be governor of a state, in a particular political party. That man is sitting pretty today as an INEC Commissioner. And we said there is nothing wrong with it. “Oh, nobody swore affidavit, the man said he was a party member five years ago.” So if he was a party member five years ago, it is not enough to get him out of that place? Election is our perception. So we are interested in ensuring that Nigerians are alerted to the threats that certain people within the security apparatus are working with some governors to undermine this democracy. And the way to do that is to begin to put up trumped-up charges against the leadership of INEC and they’ve been doing that. Highly performing resident electoral commissioners who should have been returned as national commissioners were actually jettisoned. And right now, we are bringing people who we cannot vouch for their integrity. That for me, and for us, is the biggest threat to this 2023 election.
So when you call for investigation, this investigations should come in what form?
First and foremost, the president of this country. The President and Commander in Chief has already said that he is going to leave a legacy of electoral integrity. If a congress of political parties make an allegation. I expect that the President should commission an investigation into those allegations. And make the outcomes public.
At any time, has your group engaged INEC on why all of these are happening?
These are government officials. They they speak in hush-hush tones. But if you are perceptive, you can understand that they are currently on under threats. Are you in doubt that the BVAS and the electronic transmission of results has changed the narrative of election administration in Nigeria? Is it contestable, that there are people who are angry with the fact that we are not going to go back to post 2007 where you will be voting and they are announcing results where you are yet to vote? This politics, the current crop of politicians across party line and that is why you are not hearing very strong voices even among the dominant political parties around these issues. So the challenge is for the President who has promised in the international stage, not not even in Nigeria, went to the UN and said he’s going to leave a legacy of electoral integrity. And that that is one thing he’s going to bequeath to Nigerians. But the current activities of people who want to undermine this election, this 2023 election, is not giving any impetus to that international promise that the President made and I think he should be concerned and worried about that.
Nigeria’s security reports is predicting an increase in violence due to the upcoming elections, should Nigerians be worried of the activities of politicians ahead of 2023?
I think we have seen them. We have done perhaps five election cycles – 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2023 should be the seventh election cycle. What has been the narrative? That is coming to the point that I’ve been making. The challenge of breaking the rules, breaking the law for elections is that those who have responsibility to sanction look the other way. It’s as simple as that. The Electoral Act 2022 is very clear about violence, is very clear about intemperate language, is very clear about use of abusive language. There are penalties for it. So, INEC will warn, the security agencies will pretend that it’s something that happens. So that has made politicians to come to that point where they think that they cannot be brought to book. We are overrating them, we are over respecting them. And I think that when it is clear that somebody uses intemperate language and that person can be arraigned in court under this Electoral Act 2022, it will send a strong deterrent to politicians and they will understand that you know we mean business. But the attitude of both the security agencies and even sometimes the EMB is to pretend and warm. “INEC warns politicians not to use abusive language”. When they use abusive language, what do you do? That is the challenge. The challenge is not that they use or they won’t use abusive language. But to turn it around again is that if you follow the conversation, you will see that the narrative has remained the same in these seven election cycles. It’s either they are attacking each other and then lying about who they attacked. If you do a media content analysis, you will find that the trend has remained the same. But what is lacking is consequence management, the consequences of their actions, nobody manages it. And once that continues, we are not going to have the kind of outcome that you’re looking for. So it is calling on the President to rein in the security agencies. To align them with his vision of a legacy of electoral integrity. He, himself, being a beneficiary of that. He was a beneficiary of that. From 2007 when President Yar’ Adua said the election that brought him to power was flawed, we started making an awkward journey of progress in our electoral cycle. We are seeing real manifest vicious attack on those progress that we have made and we cannot keep quiet. And we can point the places where this is happening and the President, the security agencies are aware, they know. The kind of breathing down on INEC has never happened before. This is the INEC chairman that has been taken to the code of conduct, that has been invited to this. All of that is meant to harass them. In Imo state, INEC officials are being harassed, detained, sent to jail.
In all these allegations, National Assembly has a role to play because BVAS is already a law, what is your message for National Assembly?
Do you know somebody called Justice Ikpeme? Can you find out what he did? Somebody can go to court and inviolate the progress that you have made. The conspiracy can include the judiciary and so that threat is real. It is the National Assembly that cleared these people with tainted past, and provided lame excuses. So, in many sense you cannot even place a lot of trust on that same National Assembly. Nigerians, the active citizens of this country need to raise their voice now. Not after the election when when the did has been done and we start complaining. Election rigging does not start on election day. Election rigging starts with active connivance of security agencies, judiciary and an attack on the process. Once the process that brings credible election is attacked, the outcome is going to be different and that is the challenge.
So, what are the narratives that will shape this coming elections?
Let’s make 2023 election a people centred election. In the last 40 years of our life as a country, we have not been building houses for the poor, we have reduced spending on public education, we have not been providing public transportation. We have not been managing our agriculture in a way that it benefits the majority of the people. We have privatised everything. We have deregulated everything. We have devalued the naira, according to the dictates of the IMF and the World Bank. It is time for the people to be the one setting the agenda. We should take our eyes off of the glossy, glossy manifestos that are going to be printed and lifted from from Google and serve to the people we should be the ones generating the narrative. And we should protect the institutions that have shown that they have capacity to guarantee free fair credible elections. And that is why I started by the fact that we have a responsibility to understand that the Mahmoud’s commission has given Nigerians power and it is our responsibility to protect that power that has been given to us. That that is the message okay,
Are you satisfied with the way Nigerians have reacted to PVC collections and all of that because you talk about people taking back power.
You see, that has been the challenge. You know, Nigeria runs on a wave. We run on a wave… “Oh get your PVC. Get your PVC”. Even those who are not doing PVC are talking, they are saying the same thing, get your PVC. You ask the person, do you have a PVC, you will find out he doesn’t have. So the challenge is that a lot of people see PVC as ID card. They see it as souvenir. They think that democracy or so called democracy dividends are tied to the voting strength of their community. So many times the reason for PVC registration is not to vote. It is actually for other reasons. And that is why you will see that what we have added to the register, after cleaning, we may not have up to 10 million people that have been added. So we are going to be having about 94 million voters. Out of that 94 million voters, 50% of them have never voted. I don’t see that miracle. I don’t see that new thing. This wave has always been there. There was a Buhari wave in 2015. It didn’t raise the voting strength from more than 30 million. So we need to intensify civic, political education in a way that people understand that if they come out to vote, they reduce the possibility of manipulation or manipulating the process in their numbers. If they don’t come out, then it is easier to manipulate the electoral process.
How come people have not been able to call out those behind this plot to remove the chairman, to suspend the use of the BVAS. Who are these people?
If you see the statement of CUPP, their names have been mentioned. As we speak now, some of them if, if after addressing this press conference now, somebody goes and files a matter against me in a police station. That is evident that what I have said has implication for the activities that he’s organising. If the security agencies invite me, it means that they think that I have hit the nail on the issue. So I have said there are invidious interference and we have seen that in the current appointment of the Resident Electoral Commissioners. So there is a conspiracy, the elite they are conspiring, because for you to have a Resident Commissioner, you have to have a marriage between the executive and the legislature. That marriage has produced an offspring that cannot guarantee the kind of process that we’re looking for.
